Pluto and It's Largest Moon
Posted by: Niel Hudgens Posted on: September 27, 2007
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Pluto would later be found on photographs dating back to March 19, 1915. Pluto was found to have an atmosphere from an occultation observation in 1985; the finding was confirmed and significantly strengthened by extensive observations of another occultation in 1988. Pluto and its largest moon, Charon, are often considered a binary system because the bary centre of their orbits does not lie within either body. Pluto is more than twice the diameter and a dozen times the mass of Ceres, a dwarf planet in the asteroid belt. Pluto has three known natural satellites: Charon, first identified in 1978 by astronomer James Christy; and two smaller moons, Nix and Hydra, both discovered in 2005. Pluto's atmosphere consists of a thin envelope of nitrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide, derived from the ices on its surface. Pluto's distance from Earth makes in-depth investigation difficult. Pluto is shown as a planet on the Pioneer plaque, an inscription on the space probes Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11, launched in the early 1970s. Pluto is smaller than seven of the solar system's moons (the Moon, Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto, Titan and Triton). Pluto is now classified as a "dwarf planet", a class distinct from "planet".
Moon
Pluto and its largest moon, Charon, are often considered a binary system because the bary centre of their orbits does not lie within either body. [4] Pluto has two known smaller moons, Nix and Hydra, discovered in 2005. These small moons orbit Pluto at approximately two and three times the distance of Charon: Nix at 48,700 kilometers and Hydra at 64,800 kilometers from the bary center of the system.
Mass
Like other members of the belt, it is primarily composed of rock and ice and is relatively small; approximately a fifth the mass of the Earth's Moon and a third its volume. Once Charon's gravitational effect on Pluto was measured, estimates of Pluto's mass fell to 13.
Pluto was named after the dwarf planet Pluto which was discovered in 1930, the same year that the character was introduced, and thus is indirectly named after the Roman god of the underworld. Pluto was discovered in 1930 by a fortunate accident. Pluto's atmosphere may exist as a gas only when Pluto is near its perihelion; for the majority of Pluto's long year, the atmospheric gases are frozen into ice. Pluto is the second largest known dwarf planet and tenth largest orbiting the Sun. Pluto's temperature varies widely during the course of its orbit since Pluto can be as close to the sun as 30 AU and as far away as 50AU. Pluto is actually too small to be the "Planet X" Percival Lowell had hoped to find. Pluto probably shows even more contrast and perhaps sharper boundaries between light and dark areas than is shown here, but Hubble's resolution (just like early telescopic views of Mars) tends to blur edges and blend together small features sitting inside larger ones. Pluto remains a mysterious world whose secrets are no so easily explained, however. Pluto is the only planet not visited by a spacecraft.
About the Author
Niel Hudgens is a successful Webmaster and publisher of www.AstronomistsUnlimited.com. He provides more information about astronomy and astronomy issues that you can research in your pajamas on his website.
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